Perception and intelligence Essay Example for Free

Perception and perception EssayPopular ideas of human development need revision to encompass the experience of older persons. In our too quick assumption that old age is a relent slight downhill course, we ignore the electric potency of older persons for strength as well as for a richer emotional, spiritual, and even intellectual and social vitality than may be possible for the young. Over all physical health of the dust plays critical role in determining the energies and adaptive capacities available to older people.They experience a great deal more smashing and continuing disease than the younger universe of discourse. If significant breakthroughs occur in research and treatment of diseases of the aged (heart disease, cancer, arthritis, chronic arteriosclerosis, and acute and brain syndromes), one can envision a very different benignant of old age. Assuming adequate environmental supports, including proper nutrition, old age could become a time of extended good hea lth with a more gentle and predictable decline.The Process of Becoming Old The kind of personality one carries into old age is a crucial factor in how one leave respond to the experience of being old personality traits produce individual ways of being old. still we will explore the general characteristics of old age and the changes that argon fairly common to the aging population at least in the west particularly in the United States, which could also be referable to other countries (Butler et al. , 1998).Physical changes Some of the outward alterations experienced by older persons atomic number 18 graying of tomentum cerebri, loss of hair and teeth, e retentiveation of ears and nose, loss of subcutaneous fat, particularly around the face, wrinkling of skin, fading of eyesight and hearing, postural changes, and a modernised structural decline that may result in a shortened trunk with comparatively long arms and legs. Not all of these changes happen to everyone-nor at the same point.Recent researches have revealed that some or perhaps umteen of these changes are results of disease states that occur with greater frequency in late invigoration and may be treatable, either by slowing the course of the disease or by preventing it entirely. The potential for life can be lengthened and enhanced, but mysterious flow of human existence from waste in to death will prevail (Schaie Willis, 1996 Hurlock, 1982 Peterson, 1989). Although internal changes are not as readily observable as external ones, they are nevertheless are pronounced and as widespread. The energys tend to become progressively less elastic over time.The most obvious consequence of diminished muscle tone is tiredness and decreased physical strength (Peterson, 1989). The density of our bones become more porous, brittle, fragile (Belsky, 1999) and are subject to fractures and breaks, which are increasingly slow to heal as age progresses (Hurlock, 1986). Internal organs go through a marked trans formation. Atrophy is particularly marked by spleen, liver, testes, heart, lungs, pancreas, and kidneys. Perhaps the most marked change of all is in the heart and least and the last affected are the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, and the smooth muscle organs.The senses Vision and hearing become less sensitive with age. But most of this deterioration is cumulative, beginning early(a) in life. The sensitivity of the other sense of taste, touch, smell and balance also decline with age, though the implications of these changes are generally less serious than for vision and hearing (Schaie Wills, 1996 Peterson, 1989). The motor system The brains rate of electrical activity declines during old age and the conduction speed of the impulses along neuronal fibers throughout the body also decreases.There is slowing down in reaction time-the ability to quickly and accurately take action after a signal to respond appears- with age. It has three major components sensory transmissio n time motor execution time, and central processing time, which involves interpretation, decision, and association. The decreasing speed of processing information could account for many of the observed age differences in learning, memory, perception, and intelligence (Schaie Willis, 1996 Peterson, 1989 Belsky, 1999).